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2023 - The Year That Was

Places impact you for a variety of reasons. And the same place impacts different people in different ways. This is especially true when it comes to spiritual experiences, where every single person’s experience is unique. And personally, every spiritual experience is unique, the same person can have different deeply spiritual experiences at different places, at different times. This thought has emerged because of my own experiences over the years, but especially so this year, with different and unique experiences at various places I have visited recently. I began this year with a visit to Baroda (Vadodara) with friends. It was meant to be a relaxed trip, a touristy trip, with our sons. We enjoyed ourselves to the hilt, but the highlight of that trip was a visit to the Lakulisha temple at Pavagadh. It was the iconography of the temple that I connected with, and I spent a few hours simply lost in the details of the figures carved around the temple. There was an indefinable connect with

Kottapuram Fort and some thoughts on Archaeology in India today

Huge plastic sheets cover everything in sight, giving us just sneak peeks into what was once a mighty fort. It isn’t a very impressive sight, and, for the first time, I question my choice to visit a site where archaeological excavations are still going on. But wait. If the excavations are still on, where are the digs? Why is everything covered? The only people in sight are laying new paving stones along the path leading from the road. Are we in the right place after all? We had found ourselves at the site of the ancient Kottapuram (Cranganore / Kodungallur) Fort after much searching and asking for directions, and the smirk on our driver’s face as we wandered around seems to say “I told you so. There isn’t anything to see here.



Kodungallur or Cranganore is believed to be a part of Muziris, the ancient port which has been written about by the earliest travellers. It was the hub of trade, and the main port of entry for various religions into India, including Christianity, Islam and Judaism. This fort was constructed by the Portuguese in the mid-16th Century, and later passed into Dutch possession. From them, it went to Tipu Sultan and then, eventually, to the Travancore Kingdom.  There is little to tell us of the passage of history, except a monument marking this site, constructed by the Travancore Kings.





A man saunters by, and one of the workers goes up to talk, and points to us. I guess that this is the man-in-charge, and walk up to him, asking if he is from the ASI. “I am from the Kerala ASI. This site isn’t yet open to the public.” he replies. I assure him that we mean no harm, and begin asking him about the site, and what the plans are. While he is enthusiastic about the Muziris Heritage Project, which this site is a part of, I am appalled to hear that the excavation is over, and that the site is being prepared for tourists. That explains the paving stones, but it is apparent from the excavated structure that this is just the top portion. There must be more underground, I reason with him, and he nods his head. “Yes, of course, there is more underground - years and years of history, probably going back to times before the Portuguese. But we can only excavate what we can preserve. And so, we have stopped work, since we can’t preserve any more. Not with the existing resources.”

Layers of history!


Our shock must have been clearly visible, so he hastens to explain just how they are going to preserve the monument with huge fiber glass panels, which will shield it from the weather, as well as tourists. I shudder internally at the thought, but know that the greatest danger probably doesn’t come from the vagaries of nature, but from visitors eager to touch and feel everything in sight.




He tells me about the findings here, and tells me that if I want to really experience the ancient heritage of Muziris, I should head to Pattanam, where the museum has preserved all the relics found in the region. I thank him, and make a mental note to add Pattanam to my list the next time I am here.



 As we turn back, I take one last look, wondering as I do so… What will it look like, the next time I am here?

Months pass, and I feel a sense of Déjà vu, as I hear Mr.A.K.Sharma, a renowned archaeologist at Sirpur, Chhattisgarh tell us “We only excavate as much as we can preserve.” The words encourage me to go talk to him, ask him all the questions I didn’t ask at Kottapuram Fort.

He listens patiently, and replies “We are hampered by resources. Not just money. The government and ASI do have finances. What we lack is interest! The government lacks interest in taking things forward. We have a grave lack of dedicated archaeologists, ready to work under the worst of conditions, knee deep in mud, covered in grime, spending hours and hours putting together one tiny piece of pottery. Where do you find people like that these days? Which child wants to be an archaeologist? Which young man wants to spend his days in some place far removed from civilization, where there isn’t even a mobile network, forget the internet? Above all, once the excavation is done, the site needs to be preserved. It needs to be cleaned, maintained and safeguarded. One solitary guard for one huge site can never be enough. And getting someone to sit in one place for hours, alert, in out of the way places like these, isn’t easy. That is why we dig only in small parts, and stop once the resources dry up.” he reasons. 

I wish I could tell him he was wrong, in spite of his vast experience. That more people are interested in our heritage and archaeology. I do know lots of youngsters keen on taking up the subject, but as he speaks, I wonder just how long their fascination will last. Will it triumph over the difficult conditions he described? I can only hope and pray that it does, because we certainly need them!


Information:
  • Location: Kottapuram fort is located in Kodungallur near Cochin.
  • How to Reach
    • The nearest railway station is Ernakulam (35 Km)
      • The nearest Airport is Cochin (25 Km)          
    • Where to Stay:
      • Cochin has the most options for accommodation followed by Fort Kochi.
      • Kottapuram is also easily accessible from Cherai Beach (12 Km), which has some good resorts.
    • Tips and Suggestions:
      • Hire a car for the day and combine a visit to the fort with the Kodungallur Bhagavathy Temple, the Cheraman Masjid, St. Thomas Church and other churches, Pallipuram Fort, and Vypin Lighthouse.





    Comments

    1. Nice that you visited this site as well. My first visit to this area was as a young boy of 16. I traveled by foot from Kodungallur to Kotapuram visiting the Cheraman Perumal Mosque and the Tiruvanchikulam Shiva temple en route. The fort is also known as Krishnamkotta which was completely in ruins. Apart from Pattanam you may visit Paroor and Chenamangalam where you can find a restored Synagogue and the cemetery including an old church as also a Mosque.

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      Replies
      1. Thank you PNS. I can imagine it must have been very different then, perhaps even more beautiful and serene. we couldnt visit the temples since it was afternoon, and we couldnt go to paroor or chenamangalam either... thats for next time!

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    2. Kudos Anuradha. Very thought provoking.

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      1. Thank you Chitappa! What are your thoughts on the state of indian archeology today?

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    3. Wonderful post and insight about Kottapuram fort. It is tough to keep history intact in today's world. Glad they do not excavate more than they can preserve. Those historical things are well preserved when not exposed to mankind.

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      1. Thank you Niranjan. I know they are best not exposed to mankind. but arent we losing out because of this? that we cant even learn from our history because we cant preserve it?

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    4. Very righlty said by Mr. Sharma it is a lack of interest. given a choice our government will allot these lands to malls and cineplexes . Thankfully part of it is being conserved.

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      Replies
      1. Yes, Prasad. he is absolutely right. and most of our populace would prefer those malls and cineplexes, which is even more sad. yes, part of it is being conserved but there is so much more beneath!!! and not just here... its the same story everywhere!

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